Basically, you'd need to have all the ballots printed and ready to mail out by the later part of September. That means handing the job over to the approval group of each state by 1 September and finalize the 'job' required.
1 September? Well....that's roughly two weeks away.
No screw-ups in the process? That's why I state the obvious....this needs to wrapped up at the printing plants by the 4th week of September, and handed to the postal system sometime in the week of the 15th of October.
The three debates? Well, this comes into the game as well. The first debate doesn't occur until 29 September. The second would be 15 October. The last would be 22 October.
Looking at the mailing business....you might as well cancel the 22 October debate because a high number of people would have mailed their ballot back by this point.
What if you wait until the 23rd of October to make this decision and mail the ballot? The post office won't open until the 26th (Monday). Could the postal system handle 70-odd million envelopes going out on the 26th and getting to the right address by 3rd of November? I kinda doubt it.
The idea of Joe Biden having health issues, and Harris moving up, with a new VP? State by state, this would need to be corrected on the ballots, before the massive printing or mail-out.